RedHat Red Hat Certified Specialist in OpenShift Virtualization - EX316 Exam Practice Test
How do you verify that a Multus interface is active inside the VM?
Correct Answer:
See the Explanation.
Explanation:
1. Access VM: virtctl console <vm-name>
2. Use ip a to list interfaces.
3. Confirm that both eth0 (SDN) and eth1 (Multus) are present.
4. Run ping <gateway-ip> to test connectivity.
5. Run ethtool <interface> to confirm link.
Explanation:
1. Access VM: virtctl console <vm-name>
2. Use ip a to list interfaces.
3. Confirm that both eth0 (SDN) and eth1 (Multus) are present.
4. Run ping <gateway-ip> to test connectivity.
5. Run ethtool <interface> to confirm link.
How do you check if a VM is using a live-migratable disk type?
Correct Answer:
See the Explanation.
Explanation:
1. Get VM YAML: oc get vm <name> -o yaml
2. Under volumes, ensure disks use PersistentVolumeClaim or DataVolume.
3. Avoid containerDisk types.
4. Check PVCs are backed by shared storage (like NFS, Ceph).
5. Live migration is blocked if using non-shared local storage.
Explanation:
1. Get VM YAML: oc get vm <name> -o yaml
2. Under volumes, ensure disks use PersistentVolumeClaim or DataVolume.
3. Avoid containerDisk types.
4. Check PVCs are backed by shared storage (like NFS, Ceph).
5. Live migration is blocked if using non-shared local storage.
How do you check the virtualization dashboard for system health?
Correct Answer:
See the Explanation.
Explanation:
1. Go to Administrator view in the OpenShift Web Console
2. Navigate to Virtualization Overview
3. Check health of subsystems like CDI, HCO, SSP
4. Verify running VMs, templates, alerts
5. View recent events and system metrics
Explanation:
1. Go to Administrator view in the OpenShift Web Console
2. Navigate to Virtualization Overview
3. Check health of subsystems like CDI, HCO, SSP
4. Verify running VMs, templates, alerts
5. View recent events and system metrics
How do you delete a snapshot but keep the underlying data volumes?
Correct Answer:
See the Explanation.
Explanation:
1. Run: oc delete vmsnapshot <name>
2. If using deletionPolicy: Retain, the volumesnapshotcontents remain.
3. Use snapshots for manual restore.
4. PVCs remain unaffected.
5. You can later recreate snapshot objects if needed.
Explanation:
1. Run: oc delete vmsnapshot <name>
2. If using deletionPolicy: Retain, the volumesnapshotcontents remain.
3. Use snapshots for manual restore.
4. PVCs remain unaffected.
5. You can later recreate snapshot objects if needed.
How do you start a service (e.g., httpd) in the VM OS?
Correct Answer:
See the Explanation.
Explanation:
1. Open the VM console or SSH into the VM.
2. Run:
sudo systemctl start httpd
3. Confirm service
started: systemctl is-
active httpd
4. Output should be active.
5. Service is now running.
Explanation:
1. Open the VM console or SSH into the VM.
2. Run:
sudo systemctl start httpd
3. Confirm service
started: systemctl is-
active httpd
4. Output should be active.
5. Service is now running.
How do you enable maintenance mode for a node using the NodeMaintenance CR?
Correct Answer:
See the Explanation.
Explanation:
1. Create a YAML:
apiVersion: nodemaintenance.kubevirt.io/v1
kind: NodeMaintenance
metadata:
name: maintenance-worker-1
spec:
nodeName: worker-1
2. Apply: oc apply -f node-maintenance.yaml
3. Monitor: oc get nodemaintenance
4. VMs should auto-migrate off the node.
5. Node is now in maintenance mode.
Explanation:
1. Create a YAML:
apiVersion: nodemaintenance.kubevirt.io/v1
kind: NodeMaintenance
metadata:
name: maintenance-worker-1
spec:
nodeName: worker-1
2. Apply: oc apply -f node-maintenance.yaml
3. Monitor: oc get nodemaintenance
4. VMs should auto-migrate off the node.
5. Node is now in maintenance mode.
How do you assign a static IP to an imported VM via cloud-init?
Correct Answer:
See the Explanation.
Explanation:
1. Modify the VM YAML to include cloud-init:
cloudInitNoCloud:
userData: |
#cloud-config
network:
version: 2
ethernets:
eth0:
addresses:
-
192.168.122.100/24
gateway4:
192.168.122.1
nameservers:
addresses: [8.8.8.8]
2. Save and restart the VM.
3. Check connectivity from inside the VM.
4. Use ip a and ping.
Explanation:
1. Modify the VM YAML to include cloud-init:
cloudInitNoCloud:
userData: |
#cloud-config
network:
version: 2
ethernets:
eth0:
addresses:
-
192.168.122.100/24
gateway4:
192.168.122.1
nameservers:
addresses: [8.8.8.8]
2. Save and restart the VM.
3. Check connectivity from inside the VM.
4. Use ip a and ping.
How do you taint a node to prevent any future VM scheduling?
Correct Answer:
See the Explanation.
Explanation:
1. Run:
oc adm taint nodes <node-name> kubevirt.io/drain=NoSchedule:NoSchedule
2. Future VMs will avoid this node.
3. Use for hardware updates or isolation.
4. Remove taint with:
oc adm taint nodes <node-name> kubevirt.io/drain-
Explanation:
1. Run:
oc adm taint nodes <node-name> kubevirt.io/drain=NoSchedule:NoSchedule
2. Future VMs will avoid this node.
3. Use for hardware updates or isolation.
4. Remove taint with:
oc adm taint nodes <node-name> kubevirt.io/drain-
How do you uninstall OpenShift Virtualization Operator cleanly?
Correct Answer:
See the Explanation.
Explanation:
1. Delete HCO: oc delete hco kubevirt-hyperconverged -n openshift-cnv
2. Delete subscription: oc delete subscription -n openshift-cnv <subscription-name>
3. Delete operator group: oc delete operatorgroup -n openshift-cnv
4. Delete namespace: oc delete ns openshift-cnv
5. Confirm CRDs and CSVs are gone.
Explanation:
1. Delete HCO: oc delete hco kubevirt-hyperconverged -n openshift-cnv
2. Delete subscription: oc delete subscription -n openshift-cnv <subscription-name>
3. Delete operator group: oc delete operatorgroup -n openshift-cnv
4. Delete namespace: oc delete ns openshift-cnv
5. Confirm CRDs and CSVs are gone.
How do you debug if the VM is not responding through the service?
Correct Answer:
See the Explanation.
Explanation:
1. Check VM status: oc get vm, vmi
2. Get pod IP and log in: oc rsh <virt-launcher>
3. Verify service port is open: ss -lntp
4. Check service endpoints: oc get ep vm-service
5. Review VM firewall settings (e.g., firewalld or iptables).
Explanation:
1. Check VM status: oc get vm, vmi
2. Get pod IP and log in: oc rsh <virt-launcher>
3. Verify service port is open: ss -lntp
4. Check service endpoints: oc get ep vm-service
5. Review VM firewall settings (e.g., firewalld or iptables).
How do you modify the imported VM's disk interface to virtio?
Correct Answer:
See the Explanation.
Explanation:
1. Edit the VM YAML:
disks:
- name:
rootdisk
disk:
bus: virtio
2. Reapply with: oc apply -f vm.yaml
3. Ensure VM OS has virtio drivers.
4. Restart the VM.
5. Confirm disk is recognized inside VM.
Explanation:
1. Edit the VM YAML:
disks:
- name:
rootdisk
disk:
bus: virtio
2. Reapply with: oc apply -f vm.yaml
3. Ensure VM OS has virtio drivers.
4. Restart the VM.
5. Confirm disk is recognized inside VM.
How do you verify that the OADP and Velero components are ready?
Correct Answer:
See the Explanation.
Explanation:
1. Run: oc get dpa -n oadp-operator
2. Describe the DPA: oc describe dpa dpa -n oadp-operator
3. Confirm the Velero pod is Running: oc get pods -n oadp-operator
4. Run: velero version if Velero CLI is installed.
5. Validate BackupStorageLocation and VolumeSnapshotLocation are Available.
Explanation:
1. Run: oc get dpa -n oadp-operator
2. Describe the DPA: oc describe dpa dpa -n oadp-operator
3. Confirm the Velero pod is Running: oc get pods -n oadp-operator
4. Run: velero version if Velero CLI is installed.
5. Validate BackupStorageLocation and VolumeSnapshotLocation are Available.
How do you back up a VM with volume snapshots using CSI?
Correct Answer:
See the Explanation.
Explanation:
1. Ensure CSI driver supports snapshotting.
2. Enable CSI plugin in DPA config.
3. Run:
velero backup create vm-snap --include-namespaces <vm-namespace> --snapshot-volumes
4. Confirm snapshot creation via oc get volumesnapshots
5. Used for faster and consistent backups.
Explanation:
1. Ensure CSI driver supports snapshotting.
2. Enable CSI plugin in DPA config.
3. Run:
velero backup create vm-snap --include-namespaces <vm-namespace> --snapshot-volumes
4. Confirm snapshot creation via oc get volumesnapshots
5. Used for faster and consistent backups.
How do you verify a VM's network configuration after it starts?
Correct Answer:
See the Explanation.
Explanation:
1. Run: oc get vmi
2. Describe VMI: oc describe vmi <vm-name>
3. Look under interfaces: section for IP address.
4. Use virtctl console <vm> to access shell and run ip a
5. Confirm the pod network IP matches the OpenShift SDN subnet.
Explanation:
1. Run: oc get vmi
2. Describe VMI: oc describe vmi <vm-name>
3. Look under interfaces: section for IP address.
4. Use virtctl console <vm> to access shell and run ip a
5. Confirm the pod network IP matches the OpenShift SDN subnet.