L4M8 Practice Exam Tests Latest Updated on Mar-2023
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NEW QUESTION 53
What potential costs could an organization face if it fails to conduct Due diligence effectively?
Answer:
Explanation:
Though strong due diligence procurement professionals can assess which suppliers or potential suppliers appear to meet the criteria associated with ethical practice.
Prior to the contract being awarded, strong due diligence can save the organization from the following cost:
1) Cost of reputation
2) Environmental damage
3) Stakeholders dissatisfaction,
4) poor quality and rework
5) Breach of contract
6) Ethical concerns
NEW QUESTION 54
Explain why the behavior of an organization with which you are familiar could affect its business.
Answer:
Explanation:
The social impact of an organization is formed by various behaviors. If an organization; behavior is poor this will create social impact which is likely to be reflected in the business performance. Organizations which display poor behavior face outcomes such as the following.
1. Reduce brand loyalty
2. Difficulty in recruiting
3. Negative media coverage
4. Reduced sales/profit
5. reputation damage
NEW QUESTION 55
Justify which of the five approaches to condition performance monitoring you think is the most cost effective within whole life asset management.
Answer:
Explanation:
Condition performance monitoring is a surveillance system that is designed to get the maximum production uptime and availability out of an asset. And this can be achieved by timely monitoring and measuring of temperature, vibration, output, speed, noise, emissions and quality. With this, decision has to be made as to what, if any, action needs to be taken. The five approaches to condition performance monitoring are as follows:
1. Do nothing: Use like a commodity. This will bring worries later.
2. Reactive: Fix it when it breaks. This will run to failure.
3. Preventive: Scheduled maintenance.
4. Predictive: Fix it before it breaks. Predict faults.
5. Proactive: Continuous improvement defect elimination.
The most cost-effective approach is 'Proactive', because is the only approach that has continuous improvement in the process, people and policies to minimize downtime. Being proactive takes defect out of the system and continuously harness opportunity that will optimize the system
NEW QUESTION 56
What matrix helps to define how to manage stakeholders?
Answer:
Explanation:
Stakeholders are individuals or organizations who are directly affected by a decision for example, community, shareholders, employees, suppliers, distributors, customers etc. stakeholders can be internal (employers, staffs), connected (such as suppliers, shareholders, financers and customers) external (Government, pressure groups, and community).
The matrix that helps define how to manage stakeholders is mendelow's stakeholders manage-ment matrix. This matrix is based on the theory that the level of management stakeholders require depends on the level of their power and interest within the project or organization The matrix groups stakeholders in to four quadrants according to their power and interest and ad-vice how to manage them.
1) Low power - Low interest (minimum effort)
2) Low power - High interest (keep inform)
3) High power - Low interest (keep satisfied)
4) High power - high interest (manage closely)
NEW QUESTION 57
Which Incoterm applies here?
The supplier is responsible for delivering the goods to a carrier or to an intermediate agreed place and should ensure that the goods have at least minimal insurance cover until this point. Again, the buyer is responsible for ensuring these goods reach their named destination from here.
- A. CIP - Carriage and Insurance Paid to
- B. FCA - Free Career
- C. EXW - Ex Works
- D. CPT - Carriage Paid To
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 58
Explain how procurement should decide whether to make or buy a product or service.
Answer:
Explanation:
Make or buy decision are about whether a products or services should be made within the organization or bought-in from an external supplier.
For a procurement professional to establish which method (make or buy) offers the best value, the item in question must be thought through if it is core to the organization and which option will add more value to the organization, as regards achieving its strategic goals. If it is core the procurement professional decide to make it and if it is not core the product or services can be bought in.
NEW QUESTION 59
What do STEEPLE and SWOT stand for?
Answer:
Explanation:
After a need in an organization has been identified/understood, defined, justified and authorized, the next stages are to understand how commodity prices are reacting, which suppliers are available and their strength. The make or buy decision can be reached with knowledge from this; the procurement professional can consider the organization external environment, strength, weakness opportunity and threat to develop strategy/plan of how to achieve the procurement.
'STEEPLE' is an effective way to evaluate the external environment. It helps buyers to assess factors that could affect the need in hand and helps them to develop the plan accordingly. 'STEEPLE' is an acronym which stands for, Social, Technology, Economic, Environment, Political, Legal, Ethical
'SWOT' helps the organization to analyze its strength and within the organization and the oppor-tunity and threats outside the organization.
'SWOT' is an acronym which stands for, strength, weakness, opportunity and threats.
NEW QUESTION 60
Which Incoterm applies here?
The supplier is responsible for delivering the goods to the buyer's premises include arranging any custom clearances that applies, bearing all risk up until this point.
- A. DAP - Delivered At Place
- B. DAT - Delivered At Terminal
- C. FAS - Free Alongside Ship
- D. DDP - Delivery Duty Paid
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 61
Describe three types of fraud that could occur within the supply chain of an organization with which you are familiar.
Answer:
Explanation:
Fraud occurs when a person acts deliberately to secure monies from another party through dishonest method. Within the supply chain of an organization, fraud can represent itself in the following ways:
1. Kickbacks: e.g. (commission given to a bribe taker for service perform)
2. Corrupt influence (e.g ordering more than what is required)
3. Collusion: (group of suppliers working together to submit multiple bids and split profit.
4. Bid Rigging (a contract is informally agreed with a chosen supplier prior to the official process
5. invoicing fraud
6. Substitution (submitting products that are below the required quality
7. False claims (files false document)
Case Study
A series of news stories reporting events such as the collapse of the Rana Plaza building in 2013 have drawn attention to the poor conditions in garment factories across India and South East Asi a. Human rights groups have long be critical of the excessive hours and poor wages workers are forced to endure, as well as the abuse they receive from supervisor. With consumers becoming increasingly aware of these conditions, more pressure is being put on global brands and retailers to ensure their supply chains are fair and ethical.
Certain areas have been notorious for the mistreatment of workers. In India's textile valley', young women are been bound into contracts where they work for two to three years, in exchange for a lump sum of money that they can then put towards a dowry. This is known as the 'Sumangali [a married woman] Thittam' scheme. These women are forced to live in hostels under restrictions that prevent them from moving, and are denied the opportunity to improve their living conditions. Retailers including Walmart and H&M are known to source garments from factories in the 'textile valley'.
Reports by organizations including the Asia Floor Wage Alliance (AFWA), Central Combodia, Global Labor Justice, Sedane Labour Resource Centre (LIPS) Indonesia, and Society for Labour and Development (SLD) India have exposed unethically run factories that supply garments to H&M, Gap and Walmart. However, retailers will continue to benefit from expensive labour until mounting customers pressure causes them to change.
NEW QUESTION 62
What two areas of an organization do the Kraljic Portfolio matrix uses to establish the category of a product or service?
Answer:
Explanation:
The Kraljic Portfolio Matrix shows where a product or services fits into in an organization. It is based on two areas 1) the risk of supply (Risk Impact). 2) Effect it has on profit (cost impact).
NEW QUESTION 63
Research the ethical standard or accreditation of an industry with which you are familiar.
Answer:
Explanation:
If a supplier is accredited or is a member of an association that promotes good ethical conduct, a statement to this effect is likely to be featured on its company documentation. This could be in a form of letters after the organization name or the authorized use of logo.
Accreditation information should be verified by procurement professionals either asking organiza-tion for certification to prove membership or accreditation or checking on a professional register.
Below are associated bodies that form some industries.
1. ISO 14001 - for quality management
2. CIPS - for procurement and Supply
3. Red Tractor - NGO Registered in the UK, promoting human right
4. Amnesty International - human right
5. Carbon Trust - For Carbon neutral status.
*
Refer to the question column for response
NEW QUESTION 64
Write all of factors that contribute towards value for a product that you regularly purchase.
Answer:
Explanation:
Factors that contribute towards value for clothe gum in a fashion firm;
1) How much money does the gum cost?
2) How much is the benefits of using the clothe gum?
3) Does customers prefer clothe gum at the bottom of their garment?
4) Is the clothe gum difficult to use?
5) Does the clothe gum beautifies the fabric when placed properly?
6) Does it give a better finishing?
7) Is it ethical to use?
8) Is it from a sustainable source?
9) is it environmental friendly?
10) Does using clothe gum suggest innovation in fashion?
NEW QUESTION 65
Describe three benefits of working cross-functionally
Answer:
Explanation:
Working cross-functionally is the involvement of all departments involved in an organization to contribute knowledge, skills and innovation towards adding value of achieving the organization's strategic goal. All functions may include; procurement, maintenance, marketing, finance, human resources working together in procurement activity to come up with the best strategy or selecting the supplier that best suit the organization.
When working cross functionally, members of the organization gives support by believing in the end goal, assist during difficult time, help troubleshoot any issue, providing the required resources and sharing information.
NEW QUESTION 66
Describe a situation where amendment or an addendum would need to be created
Answer:
Explanation:
After all the due diligence is carried out, before awarding contract to the best supplier, sometimes procurement professionals find themselves in some problem solving situation; this might have been emanated from supplier facing a financial challenge or problems from external environment. Responding to this might require an amendment or an addendum, depending on the case in hand.
An amendment is for a physical change in the existing contract for example; if a contract contains a negotiated and agreed fixed price for the period of the contract but unexpected market forces such as an economic down turn or force majeure occur, the supplier may have to request an amendment order to continue to make a profit.
An addendum is when an additional document is added to the existing contract for example, If a contract have a schedule of rates and the market forces prices up, an addendum can be added to an existing contract with a revised schedule. Once accepted, the addendum becomes part of the con-tract. Addendum are physically used when the forecasted cost of a project rises and approval is needed to increase the contract spend.
NEW QUESTION 67
What are Carter's 10Cs?
Answer:
Explanation:
Carter's 10cs is a detailed mechanism that procurement professional uses to evaluate potential supplier. What the procurement professional should consider in supplier are the following 10 things.
1) Competency 2) capacity 3) Cost 4) Cash 5) Clean 6) Consistency 7) Control 8) Culture 9) Com-mitment 10) Communication.
NEW QUESTION 68
Create two KPIs and two SLAs for a contract with which you are familiar.
Answer:
Explanation:
Key performance Indicators (KPIs) and service level Agreement (SLA) are measures that demon-strate the effectiveness of a supplier. By using KPIs and SLAs as part of suppliers management, procurement professionals can monitor and evaluate performance and identify areas that need attention or improvement. KPIs and SLAs are used for product and service contract respectively.
Two KPI
1) Number of defects: Not more than two defects is allowed on the generator and its accessories
2) Supplier Lead Time: Delivery after placing order should not be anytime longer than 14 days.
Two SLAs
1) The toilet should be washed with soap, and deodorant should be sprayed twice a day
2) Bathroom and toilet should not be allowed to smell out to the passage. Bathroom smelling out to the passage twice a month is a violation of the contract.
NEW QUESTION 69
What are the definition of a new buy and a modified re-buy?
Answer:
Explanation:
A new buy is the purchase of goods and services by an organization or an individual for its first time. For example a transport organization for the very first time contracting the purchase of a Lorry out to an external supplier. In situations like this, it is advisable to start the procurement cycle from the very first stage. Which is understanding the need and developing high level specification.
Modified re-buy is the purchase of goods or services that an organization has bought before there was a need but with changes to the specification or supplier or quantity or quality. In carrying out modified re-buy, procurement professional should start from the very first stage of the procurement cycle to justify the added need and follow through. Not in all cases that buyer would have to start from understanding the need. In a situation where the changes required is a change of supplier, the organization will start from its preferred suppliers list and contract the next ranking supplier as the case may be.
NEW QUESTION 70
Which Incoterm applies here?
The supplier is responsible for delivering the goods directly onto the vessel that will transport them to their named destination. As soon as the goods are on the vessel, the risk transfers to the buyer
- A. FOB - Free On Board
- B. FAS - Free Alongside Ship
- C. CIF - Cost Insurance and Freight
- D. DAP - Cost and Freight
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 71
Create a list of assets of a company with which you're familiar and divide them into standard and bespoke categorizing.
Answer:
Explanation:
Name of company: Full power projects
Business: Project management training and consultancy
If an organization is sourcing an asset that is readily available or mass produced then the cost associated with the design and manufacturing will be lower percentage of the total cost than if an organization commissions a bespoke piece of equipment to be designed and manufactured.
The following are a list of assets owned by fullpower projects.
Standard/off the shelf (Mass produced)
Projector from a shop-displayed files and document jackets from market
Desks and furniture
Bespoke/specialist - white board and marker
With extra, e.g. made with company color
Gift/ sovereign (bags and T. shirt) with coup any label, color and design Refer to the question column for response
NEW QUESTION 72
Which four procurement cycle stages happen after the award of the contract?
Answer:
Explanation:
The procurement cycle is the heart of purchasing, sourcing and supplying and should be followed in day-to-day practice in the industry. The procurement cycle has thirteen stages. Contract award is stage 9, and the stages after the contract award are; Stage 10: ware house, logistic and receipt Stage 11: Contract performance review and continuous improvement Stage 12: SRM/SCM and contract management Stage 13: Asset management, lessons learned, end of life.
NEW QUESTION 73
When benchmarking what other factors, apart from price should be considered to find the total cost of acquisition?
Answer:
Explanation:
When evaluating potential suppliers, procurement professionals can carry out benchmarking. Benchmarking is the process of comparing a function, a process performance with another which is best in-class.
Other factors, apart from price that can be considered to find the total cost of acquisition include the product or service quality, lead time, supplier culture, its environmental awareness and sustainability.
Case study:
Tetsuya Tada, Chief engineer of the Toyata Supra Sports car has revealed how the process of benchmarking contributed to the car's design.
Tada has worked by comparing the Supra to other cars. For example, it has been intentionally designed with a shorter wheelbase, than the Toyata 86 to make it more suitable for track racing. Furthermore, Tada has benchmarked the Supra against competition by suggesting that drivers will find the car's performance comparable with that of Posche's Cayman sports car.
Tada's knowledge of the features belonging to different sports cars in his industry shows how benchmarking can be used by companies to successfully differentiate their products and remain competitive through awareness of their competitor's activities.
NEW QUESTION 74
Describe four factors that could damage reputation within the supply chair
Answer:
Explanation:
The reputation of all the organizations within a supply chain is linked. A Company's reputation is an intangible asset that can contribute to the failure of an organization if damaged. Factors that could damage organizational reputation within the supply chain are;
1. Quality: if the product or service quality is poor the organization may not satisfy it customers and this can lead to a loss of reputation in the market. For example, a residential building construction company contracting a supplier that would do a bad job which in three months may require home owners to reinstall new doors.
2. Sustainability: if the organization is not replenishing that which it is extracting, it will some day run out of business or probably loss loyal customers. For example a drilling company that spills hydrocarbon as it drills.
3. Fit for purpose: if an organization produce a product or carry out services that are not fit for purpose, it may run at loss for there will be so much rejection and rework. This can lead to customers switching to another organization which product or services are fit for their purpose.
4. Contract management: an organization will have to manage its suppliers and the contracts to ensure they are delivering what they were contracted to do. A poor contract management is a waste in the process of delivery that can lead to reputational loss.
NEW QUESTION 75
What happens in the public sector, regarding providing feedback?
Answer:
Explanation:
A sector is an area of an industry, e.g., private, public or third sector.
A public sector is a sector of the economy that is owned, finance and run by the government. This sector is financed with tax payer's money. And therefore owe the general public an ethical explanation towards all investment and decision.
Once the supplier that is awarded the contract has accepted, the buyer can tell the unsuccessful bidders. This usually happens through email or letter. The public sector is more likely to give feedback to unsuccessful bidders and also have to respond to any stakeholders that request information on why a supplier is not successful.
NEW QUESTION 76
Explain which factors should be considered when deciding the quantity of a product to order.
Answer:
Explanation:
When reviewing supplier's response the procurement professional should consider the right quantity of product or service that has to be ordered at anytime as against the price to decide how to gain the best cost.
Factors to consider include the following
(1)Cost of inventory
(2) cost of insurance
(3) cost of transportation.
These three should be considered against price.
Note: Incoterms are versatile and procurement professionals should understand how they are ap-plied and what point the risk transfers from being the supplier's responsibility to being the buyer's responsibility. It is important to consult the ICC for the most recent definitions, but in the following questions (101-111) you can understand the rules.
Note: sharpen your knowledge on INCOTERMS. Please consider the following Objective Re-sponse questions
NEW QUESTION 77
What are the ILO and ETI?
Answer:
Explanation:
ILO stands for International Labour Organization- It is a United Nations agency whose mandate is to advance justice and promote decent work by setting international labor standard.
ETI is Ethical Trading Initiative: It is a leading alliance of companies, trade unions and NGOs that promote respect for workers right around the globe. Its vision is a world where all workers are free from exploitation and discrimination and enjoys condition of freedom, security and equity.
NEW QUESTION 78
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